Correct Answer: Option 2 – Hot, dry and windy

For evaporation to take place the temperature has to be sufficient to convert water from liquid to gaseous form. Also if the climate is dry and windy this helps to increase the speed of the process of evaporation. Hence, hot, dry and windy atmosphere is the best suited for quick evaporation of water.

Hence, options 1, 3 and 4 are incorrect.

Correct Answer: Option 3 – Traveled upward in the clay pot by capillary

Capillary action refers to the flow of liquids through porous media such as soil or clay pot. In hydrology, capillary action describes the attraction of water molecules to soil particles. Capillary action is responsible for moving groundwater from wet areas of the soil to dry areas. Differences in soil potential drive capillary action in soil. Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

Density of water or clay pot, are not the reason for this movement of water. Hence, options 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Correct Answer: Option 2 – Amount of sediment sorting

Sorting indicates the distribution of grain size of sediments, either in unconsolidated deposits or in sedimentary rocks. Poorly sorted indicates that the sediment sizes are mixed (large variance); whereas well sorted indicates that the sediment sizes are similar (low variance).

Correct Answer: Option 1

Erosion takes place along the course of the stream and deposition takes place near the water basin where the slope of the ridge helps the eroded particles to be deposited. Hence, option 1 is the correct representation of the erosion and deposition occurring along the meandering stream.

Correct Answer: Option 3

Larger particles of the sediment stop at the higher levels of the water basin and smaller particles of the sediment flow down and settle at lower level of the water basin, because the distance covered by a particle moving down a river basin, is inversely proportionate to its size.

Larger and smaller particles are not sorted on either side of the stream as in options 1 and 2 hence, these options are incorrect.

Correct Answer: Option 4 – increase the rate of water flow

The amount of sediment can be increased by increasing the rate of flow, since, the amount of sediment transported is directly proportionate to the speed of flow of water in the stream.

Decreasing the temperature of the sediment will not lead to a change in the flow of the sediment. Hence, option 1 is incorrect.

Decreasing the slope will reduce the flow of water and eventually the sediment. Hence, option 2 is incorrect.

Correct Answer: The largest particles shown on the stream bottom in the cross section are pebbles or small stones

Correct Answer: Some possible processes which are responsible for producing the rounded shape of the particles shown on the stream are:

• Erosion due to the flow of the stream
• Weathering due to the climatic conditions such as heat, rain, etc.

Correct Answer: The rock shown in the block diagram that appears to be most likely eroded is Shale, since it is the top layer of the stream

Correct Answer