Correct Answer: Option 3 – The east coast is warmed and west coast is cooled

At the equator the currents are for the most part directed toward the west, the North Equatorial Current in the Northern Hemisphere and the South Equatorial Current in the Southern Hemisphere. Near the thermal equator, where the warmest surface water is found, there occurs the eastward-flowing Equatorial Counter Current.

There is a general movement of air across the oceans from 20^o to 35^o north and south latitudes, towards low pressure convergence zone. the earth's rotation deflects the air movement from north-east to south-west in northern hemisphere and south-east to north-west in southern hemisphere. These prevailing winds are constant and being moisture to west coasts of South America and hence is cooler than east coast.

Correct Answer: Option 1 – Silicon

A little more than 47% of the Earth's crust consists of oxygen. The more common rock constituents of the Earth's crust are nearly all oxides; chlorine, sulfur and fluorine are the only important exceptions to this and their total amount in any rock is usually much less than 1%. The principal oxides are silica, alumina, iron oxides, lime, magnesia, potash and soda. The silica functions principally as an acid, forming silicates, and all the commonest minerals of igneous rocks are of this nature. About 99.22% of rocks are composed of 11 oxides. All the other constituents occur only in very small quantities.

Hence, the options 2, 3 and 4 are incorrect.

Correct Answer: Option 2 – Syracuse

The bed rock of Syracuse is well known for salt deposits. The dissolution of halite by ground water creates brine that moves through an unconsolidated basal aquifer northward to the springs near Syracuse.

Correct Answer: Option 4

The density of a material is defined as its mass per unit volume.

i.e density = mass / volume

In the above table the density of the samples A, B and C is the same. i.e the mass to volume ratio of the samples A, B and C are the same where the volume is rising. Hence, option 4 with the graph representing increasing volume and constant density is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: Option 2 - quartzite

Metamorphic rock is the result of the transformation of an existing rock type, the protolith, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form". Change occurs in order to maintain equilibrium conditions with new states of heat, pressure, or fluids. Sandstones make quartzite on metamorphosis.

Hence, options 1, 3 and 4 are incorrect.

The youngest rock always lies on the topmost layer. In the diagram above shale is the top most layer of the cross section. Hence, shale is the youngest rock.

Igneous rock is the oldest rock. Hence, options 2, 3 and 4 are incorrect.

Correct Answer:

10 meters, as evident from the diagram

Correct Answer:

Correct Answer: The slope is steeper between M and N as indicated by the map, hence, Copper Creek flows faster between points these points.